Sucralfate

• Sucralfate is a medication that forms a protective barrier in the gastrointestinal tract.
• It is primarily used to treat and prevent ulcers and other conditions like esophagitis.
• The medication works by binding to proteins at ulcer sites, creating a physical shield against acid and enzymes.
• Common side effects include constipation, dry mouth, and nausea.
• Dosage typically involves taking the medication on an empty stomach before meals.

What is Sucralfate and How It Works

Sucralfate is a medication prescribed for the treatment and prevention of ulcers in the stomach and duodenum, as well as other conditions affecting the lining of the esophagus. It is a complex of sucrose octasulfate and aluminum hydroxide, designed to provide a localized protective effect rather than neutralizing stomach acid or reducing its production directly.

How Sucralfate Works in the Body

The mechanism by which sucralfate works in the body involves a unique interaction with damaged tissue. When sucralfate comes into contact with stomach acid, it forms a viscous, paste-like substance. This substance then selectively binds to proteins found in the base of ulcers and erosions, such as albumin and fibrinogen. This binding creates a protective barrier or “bandage” over the ulcerated area, shielding it from further damage by gastric acid, pepsin, and bile salts. This physical barrier allows the damaged tissue to heal more effectively while also stimulating the production of prostaglandins, which are natural compounds that help protect the stomach lining.

Sucralfate Uses, Dosage, and Side Effects

Uses of Sucralfate

Sucralfate is primarily used for the short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcers. Beyond this, what is sucralfate used for includes maintenance therapy for duodenal ulcers after they have healed, to reduce the risk of recurrence. It is also prescribed for gastric ulcers, reflux esophagitis, and the prevention of stress ulcers in critically ill patients. Its protective action makes it beneficial in various conditions where the mucosal lining of the gastrointestinal tract is compromised.

Sucralfate Drug Information and Dosage

Sucralfate drug information and dosage varies depending on the condition being treated and the patient’s specific needs. It is available in tablet form and as an oral suspension. For active duodenal ulcers, a common dosage is 1 gram taken four times a day, typically one hour before each meal and at bedtime. It is crucial to take sucralfate on an empty stomach to ensure optimal binding to ulcer sites. The duration of treatment can range from 4 to 8 weeks, or as directed by a healthcare professional. It is important not to take antacids within 30 minutes before or after sucralfate, as antacids can interfere with its activation by stomach acid. Always follow the prescribing physician’s instructions carefully.

Sucralfate Medication Side Effects

While generally well-tolerated, sucralfate medication side effects can occur. The most common side effect is constipation, which is reported in approximately 2% of patients. Other less common side effects may include:

• Dry mouth
• Nausea
• Indigestion
• Diarrhea
• Dizziness
• Headache
• Back pain
• Sleepiness

Serious side effects are rare but can include allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, trouble breathing). Patients with kidney disease should use sucralfate with caution, as its aluminum component can accumulate in the body. Any persistent or severe side effects should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately.